华埠服务中心 · Chinatown Service Center

医疗与护理行业

Healthcare & Caregiving Workshop

点击开始 · Click to begin ←→

今天学什么 · Today's Agenda

三大主题 Three Topics

职位 · 证书 · 求职 — 共 30 分钟 Jobs · Certifications · Job Search — 30 minutes

①

职位 Jobs

护理行业有哪些工作 What caregiving jobs exist

②

证书 Certifications

HHA · CNA 培训路径 HHA & CNA training paths

③

求职 Job Search

免费培训 · 职业发展 Free training & career growth

职位 · JobsJobs

护理行业有哪些工作？ Types of Caregiving Jobs

四种最常见的护理工作 Four most common caregiving roles

家庭健康助理Home Health Aide

HHA · Home Health Aide

上门照顾老人或病人 · 做饭、洗澡、量血压In-home care for elderly or sick clients — meals, bathing, vitals

注册护士助理Certified Nursing Assistant

CNA · Certified Nursing Assistant

在养老院或医院工作 · 协助护士照顾病人Works in nursing homes or hospitals — assists RNs with patient care

陪伴护理Companion Caregiver

Companion · Non-medical Caregiver

陪伴 · 散步 · 简单家务 · 不做医疗护理Companionship, walks, light housekeeping — no medical tasks

住家护理Live-in Aide

Live-in Aide · Caregiver

住在客户家 · 24 小时照顾 · 包食宿Lives at client's home — 24-hour care — room and board included

薪资 · PayPay in LA

洛杉矶护理行业薪资 Caregiving Pay in Los Angeles

每小时基本工资（2025 年） Hourly base pay (2025) — before overtime & bonuses

职位Role	每小时Hourly Pay	证书要求Certification
陪伴护理Companion Caregiver Companion · Non-medical	$16–17	无需证书No certification
家庭健康助理Home Health Aide HHA	$17–18	HHA 证书 · 75小时HHA cert · 75 hours
注册护士助理Certified Nursing Assistant CNA	$20–24	CNA 执照 · 160小时CNA license · 160 hours
医务助理Medical Assistant MA · Medical Assistant	$23–26	MA 证书 · 9–12个月MA cert · 9–12 months

💡 加班 (40 小时以上) 时薪 ×1.5；周末和夜班通常有额外津贴 💡 Overtime (over 40 hrs/wk) pays 1.5× — weekend/night shifts often add a bonus

练一练 · 互动活动Activity · Practice

配对练习 Match the Job to the Certification

每种工作需要哪个证书？ Which certification does each job require?

工作Jobs

A

在养老院帮忙翻身、洗澡、量血压Help residents at a nursing home — turning, bathing, vitals

Works in a nursing home — turning, bathing, taking vitals在养老院帮忙翻身、洗澡、量血压

B

陪老太太聊天、散步、做饭Keep an elderly woman company — walks, conversation, light meals

Talk with a senior, take walks, prepare simple meals陪老太太聊天、散步、做饭

C

上门照顾病人 · 提醒吃药 · 简单家务Visit homes to care for clients — medication reminders, light housework

Visit clients at home — medication reminders, light housework上门照顾病人 · 提醒吃药 · 简单家务

证书Certifications

HHA 证书HHA Certification

75 小时课程 · 2–4 周75-hour course · 2–4 weeks

CNA 执照CNA License

160 小时课程 · 6–12 周160-hour course · 6–12 weeks

无需证书No Certification Required

不做医疗护理No medical tasks

证书 · HHACertification — HHA

如何成为家庭健康助理 (HHA) How to Become a Home Health Aide

75 小时培训 · 2–4 周 · 入门最快 75 hours of training · 2–4 weeks · fastest entry path

1

报名课程Enroll

选择 CDPH 批准的培训机构Choose a CDPH-approved program

2

完成 75 小时Complete 75 hrs

60 小时课堂 + 15 小时实习60 hrs classroom + 15 hrs clinical

3

通过考试Pass Exam

州考核 · 笔试 + 技能演示State test · written + skills demo

4

CDPH 注册CDPH Registry

在加州公共卫生部登记Register with CA Public Health

💰 费用 $300–800 · 时间 2–4 周 · 部分项目免费💰 Cost $300–800 · Time 2–4 weeks · Some programs are FREE

很多机构提供"免费培训 + 工作保证"的项目（见第 8 页）Many agencies offer "free training + job guarantee" programs (see slide 8)

证书 · CNACertification — CNA

如何成为注册护士助理 (CNA) How to Become a Certified Nursing Assistant

160 小时培训 · 6–12 周 · 工资更高 160 hours of training · 6–12 weeks · higher pay

1

报名 CNA 课程Enroll in CNA

选择 CDPH 批准的项目CDPH-approved program

2

完成 160 小时Complete 160 hrs

100 小时课堂 + 60 小时实习100 hrs classroom + 60 hrs clinical

3

州执照考试State License Exam

笔试 + 实际操作Written + practical skills test

4

取得 CNA 执照Get CNA License

在 CDPH 注册 · 2 年更新一次Register with CDPH · renew every 2 yrs

💰 费用 $1,500–3,000 · 时间 6–12 周 · 必须通过英文考试💰 Cost $1,500–3,000 · Time 6–12 weeks · English test required

CNA 比 HHA 工资高 $3–6/小时，但要求更严格、需要英文阅读能力CNA pays $3–6/hr more than HHA — but stricter rules, English literacy required

免费培训 · Free TrainingFree & Low-Cost Training

洛杉矶免费/低价培训 Free & Low-Cost Training in LA

不用花大钱 — 这些项目可以帮您入行 You don't have to pay a lot — these programs can get you started

免费FREE

IHSS 居家护理项目IHSS Home Care Program

In-Home Supportive Services · 照顾家人也能拿工资 · 县政府支付In-Home Supportive Services · Get paid to care for a family member · County-funded

$0

免费FREE

SEIU 2015 工会培训基金SEIU 2015 Training Fund

加入 SEIU 2015 工会后免费 HHA/CNA 培训 · 多语言Free HHA/CNA training for SEIU 2015 members · Multilingual

$0

免费FREE

LA Care 培训项目LA Care Training Program

LA Care Health Plan 提供免费 CNA 培训 · 完成后保证工作面试LA Care offers free CNA training · Job interview guaranteed on completion

$0

低价LOW-COST

社区学院 CNA 项目Community College CNA

East LA College · LA Trade-Tech · 低学费 · 可申请助学金East LA College · LA Trade-Tech · Low tuition · Financial aid available

$500–1,200

资助GRANT

WIOA 就业培训补助WIOA Training Grant

通过 AJCC 申请 · 政府报销培训费 · 失业者优先Apply via AJCC · Government reimburses training cost · Unemployed first

$0

背景调查Background Check

背景调查要求 Background Check Requirements

所有护理工作都要做背景调查 — 您要知道什么 All caregiver jobs require background checks — what to expect

他们会查什么？What They Check

FBI 指纹（LiveScan）FBI fingerprints (LiveScan)
加州犯罪记录California criminal record
虐待老人/儿童记录Elder/child abuse records
护理执照核实Caregiver license verification
结核病 (TB) 测试TB (tuberculosis) test

什么会被拒？What Disqualifies You

严重暴力犯罪（10 年内）Serious violent crimes (within 10 yrs)
虐待老人或儿童的记录Elder or child abuse
医保诈骗（Medi-Cal fraud）Medi-Cal / healthcare fraud
毒品贩卖（不是吸毒）Drug trafficking (not drug use)
性犯罪记录Sexual offenses

💡 移民身份不影响背景调查 — 没有合法身份也可以做家庭护理 (IHSS 例外) 💡 Immigration status does NOT affect background checks — you can work in many caregiving jobs without legal status (IHSS is an exception)

互动测验Quiz

对还是错？ True or False?

两道题 — 举手投票 Two questions — raise your hand to vote

① HHA 培训必须自己花 $1,500 以上才能完成。① HHA training always costs you $1,500 or more out of pocket.

HHA training always costs $1,500+ out of pocket.HHA 培训必须自己花 $1,500 以上才能完成。

🙋 举手 — 对 TRUE / 错 FALSE🙋 Raise your hand — TRUE / FALSE

✗ FALSE — 错误False

很多项目（SEIU 2015、IHSS、LA Care、WIOA）提供完全免费的 HHA 培训。Many programs (SEIU 2015, IHSS, LA Care, WIOA) offer completely free HHA training.

Several programs cover the full cost of HHA training — start by asking CSC, SEIU 2015, or your local AJCC.Several programs cover the full HHA training cost — start with CSC, SEIU 2015, or your local AJCC.

② 没有合法移民身份也可以做家庭护理工作。② You can do home caregiving work without legal immigration status.

You can work as a home caregiver without legal immigration status.没有合法移民身份也可以做家庭护理工作。

🙋 举手 — 对 TRUE / 错 FALSE🙋 Raise your hand — TRUE / FALSE

✓ TRUE — 正确True

私人雇主和很多机构可以雇用没有合法身份的护理员。但 IHSS（政府项目）需要工作授权。Private employers and many agencies hire caregivers without legal status. But IHSS (government program) requires work authorization.

Private clients and many private agencies hire caregivers without papers. IHSS (county-paid) is the main exception — it requires work authorization.Private clients and agencies hire caregivers without papers — but IHSS (county-paid) requires work authorization.

职业发展Career Growth

护理行业的晋升阶梯 Caregiving Career Ladder

从 HHA 起步 · 一步步升到 RN（每月可增加 $2,000–4,000） Start as HHA · climb to RN (each step adds $2,000–4,000/month)

HHA

家庭健康助理 · 75 小时培训Home Health Aide · 75-hr training

起步快 · 2–4 周 · 上门服务Fast entry · 2–4 weeks · in-home work

$17–18/hr

↓ + 85 小时培训+ 85 more hours

CNA

注册护士助理 · 160 小时 + 州考Certified Nursing Assistant · 160 hrs + state exam

医院/养老院 · 福利更好Hospitals/nursing homes · better benefits

$20–24/hr

↓ + 1 年 LVN 课程 ($10–20k)+ 1-year LVN program ($10–20k)

LVN

职业护士 · 1 年课程 + 执照Licensed Vocational Nurse · 1-yr program + license

可以打针、做基本护理决策Can give injections, make basic clinical calls

$30–38/hr

↓ + 2 年学位 ($20–40k)+ 2-year degree ($20–40k)

RN

注册护士 · 2 年副学士 + 执照Registered Nurse · 2-yr Associate + license

独立执业 · 管理团队 · 全美短缺Independent practice · leads teams · in high demand

$50–65/hr

华埠服务中心Chinatown Service Center

我们可以帮你 How We Can Help You

免费 · 双语 · 无需移民身份 Free · Bilingual · No immigration status required

培训项目推荐Training Referrals

HHA / CNA Program ReferralsHHA / CNA 培训项目推荐

护理工作推荐Job Placement

Caregiver Job Placement护理工作就业推荐

IHSS 申请协助IHSS Application Help

IHSS Enrollment HelpIHSS 申请协助

医疗英语课Medical English

Healthcare ESL Classes医疗英语课程

一对一辅导1-on-1 Counseling

1-on-1 Career Counseling一对一职业辅导

欢迎来找我们！ · Come visit us!Come visit us! · 欢迎来找我们！

📞 213-808-1700 · cscla.org📞 213-808-1700 · cscla.org

767 N Hill St, Los Angeles CA 90012 · 免费服务，欢迎所有人767 N Hill St, Los Angeles CA 90012 · Free services for all

资源 · ResourcesResources

医疗与护理行业

三大主题 Three Topics

护理行业有哪些工作？ Types of Caregiving Jobs

洛杉矶护理行业薪资 Caregiving Pay in Los Angeles

配对练习 Match the Job to the Certification

如何成为家庭健康助理 (HHA) How to Become a Home Health Aide

如何成为注册护士助理 (CNA) How to Become a Certified Nursing Assistant

洛杉矶免费/低价培训 Free & Low-Cost Training in LA

背景调查要求 Background Check Requirements

对还是错？ True or False?

护理行业的晋升阶梯 Caregiving Career Ladder

我们可以帮你 How We Can Help You

更多资源 More Resources